无托槽隐形矫治整体移动的研究进展

无托槽隐形矫治凭借美观、舒适等优点，受到众多医生和患者的青睐。因矫治力加载的特殊性，其临床适应症较窄，如何实现牙齿整体移动成为拓宽适应症的重要一环。但目前关于整体移动的研究缺乏系统整理，本文将对整体移动生物力学基础、控根附件种类、控根附件优化措施的相关研究进行归纳，以期为临床上无托槽隐形矫治提供参考。     

3D打印技术在成人发育性髋关节发育不良患者中的应用进展

总结3D技术在成人发育性髋关节发育不良(DDH)患者中的研究进展.广泛查阅3D打印技术在成人DDH患者应用的相关文献,对其概念、原理、术前规划、个体化假体制造、问题和不足等方面进行总结和分析.3D打印技术可以为成人DDH患者制定手术规划,确定植入物的大小和方向,提高手术的成功率,减少手术时间、出血量以及手术并发症的发生率,并且可以为患者定制个体化的假体,在降级手术难度,提高假体生存率以及减少假体松动率的发生等方面有其重要的意义.     

基于三维打印技术制作钛合金修复体修补兔颅骨缺损的研究

目的 通过三维(3D)打印技术协助新西兰兔个体化钛合金修复体进行预制行颅骨缺损修补,探讨3D技术在颅骨缺损重建中的运用价值。方法 选取健康雄性新西兰兔12只制作颅骨缺损模型成功后,螺旋64排CT薄层无间距逐层扫描获得断层数据后进行格式转换构建三维颅骨立体模型,利用3D打印机进行修复体的三维原型制造,结合模型利用钛合金修复体进行骨性缺损区域精准修补。结果 钛合金修复体与骨性缺损区域及边缘组织契合满意,术中一次固定到位,避免反复剪裁,操作阻力小,伤口均一期愈合,不良反应较少,未观察到颅内感染、头皮溃烂、钛合金外露、排出及移位等不良现象。术后颅骨外形与健侧相比更美观、功能修复满意,并邀请三位同行医师评估修复满意度,以100%为满意,取平均值,满意率为98.78%。结论 与颅骨缺损修补术相比,3D打印技术可快速、精准结合钛合金,对个体化修复颅骨缺损区尤其是复杂解剖形态“适形”可能更胜一筹,值得临床推广运用。     

Candidemia in the intensive care unit: A 12-year retrospective cohort study in Reunion Island

Objectives

We aimed to describe the epidemiology of Candida bloodstream infection in an intensive care unit (ICU) in Reunion Island.

Combination therapy with ciprofloxacin and third-generation cephalosporin versus third-generation cephalosporin monotherapy in Escherichia coli meningitis in infants: a multicentre propensity score–matched observational study

ObjectivesEscherichia coli is the second cause of bacterial meningitis in neonates. Despite the use for 35 years of third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs), high morbidity and mortality rates with E. coli meningitis continue to occur. Because ciprofloxacin has good microbiologic activity against E. coli and good penetration in cerebrospinal fluid and brain, some authors have suggested adding ciprofloxacin to a 3GC regimen. The objective of this study was to assess combining 3GCs with ciprofloxacin versus 3GCs alone in a cohort of infants with E. coli meningitis.MethodsWe included all cases of E. coli meningitis diagnosed in infants <12 months of age that were prospectively collected through the French paediatric meningitis surveillance network between 2001 and 2016. The main outcome was the proportion of short-term neurologic complications with versus without ciprofloxacin. The analysis was conducted retrospectively by multivariable regression and propensity score (PS) analysis.ResultsAmong the 367 infants enrolled, 201 (54.8%) of 367 had ciprofloxacin and 3GC cotreatment and 166 (45.2%) of 367 only a 3GC. Median age and weight were 15 days (range, 1–318 days) and 3.42 kg (range, 0.66–9.4 kg). A total of 86 (23.4%) of 367 infants presented neurologic complications (seizures, strokes, empyema, abscesses, hydrocephalus, arachnoiditis); 57 received ciprofloxacin cotreatment. Complications were associated with ciprofloxacin cotreatment on multivariable analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1–3.4) and PS analysis (OR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1–3.3). Mortality rate did not differ with and without ciprofloxacin: 22 (10.9%) of 201 versus 16 (9.6%) of 166 deaths (OR = 0.7; 95% CI, 0.3–1.6; PS analysis).ConclusionsCiprofloxacin added to 3GCs at least offers no advantage for neurologic outcome and mortality in infants with E. coli meningitis.     

Referencing the trochlear groove based on three-dimensional computed tomography imaging improves the reliability of the measurement of the tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance in patients with higher grades of trochlea dysplasia

BackgroundTo determine whether 3D-CT imaging technique is valid and reproducible compared to conventional CT measurement technique (CCT) for the detection of a femoropatellar instability.MethodsPatients who had undergone surgery for femoropatellar instability (patellar instability group) between 2010 and 2016 (n = 37 knees of 35 patients) were retrospectively enrolled. For the matched control group, patients who had acute anterior cruciate ligament injury (< 4 weeks previously; n = 30) were recruited. Preoperative CT data had been obtained in all patients. Inter-rater reliability was calculated for both measurement protocols, and inter-method reliability was calculated between the two imaging modalities. The results are reported using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman 95% limits of agreement.ResultsAll patients in the patellar instability group had femoral trochlear dysplasia (Dejour types A: four, B: 19, C: seven, and D: six), but no dysplasia was noted in the control group. In the patellar instability group, the CCT technique showed a poor inter-rater agreement (ICC = 0.74), and the 3D-CT technique still showed excellent inter-rater agreement (ICCs = 0.91). In the sub-analysis of the patellar instability group according to the trochlear dysplasia grade, ICCs were markedly decreased with severe trochlear dysplasia when using CCT technique; however, the 3D-CT technique could provide excellent reliability even with severe trochlear dysplasia.ConclusionThe 3D-CT imaging technique for the measurement of the TT–TG distance can be suggested as a better measurement technique for patellar instability patients with bone abnormality.     

Cultural animation in health research: An innovative methodology for patient and public involvement and engagement

Background

A significant challenge in Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) in health research is to include a wide range of opinions and experiences, including from those who repeatedly find themselves at the margins of society.

Objective

To contribute to the debate around PPIE by introducing a bottom‐up methodology: cultural animation (CA). Cultural Animation is an arts‐based methodology of knowledge co‐production and community engagement which employs a variety of creative and participatory exercises to help build trusting relationships between diverse participants (expert and non‐experts) and democratize the process of research.

Design

Three CA full‐day workshops for the research project “A Picture of Health.”

Participants

Each workshop was attended by 20‐25 participants including 4 academics, 5 retired health professionals who volunteered in the local community and 15 community members. Participants ranged in age from 25 to 75 years, and 80% of the participants were women over the age of 60.

Results

The CA workshops unearthed a diversity of hidden assets, increased human connectivity, led to rethinking of and co‐creating new health indicators and enabled participants to think of community health in a positive way and to consider what can be developed.

Discussion

Cultural animation encourages participants to imagine and create ideal pictures of health by experimenting with new ways of working together.

Conclusion

We conclude by highlighting the main advantages to PPIE as follows: CA provides a route to co‐produce research agendas, empowers the public to engage actively with health professionals and make a positive contribution to their community.     

全口义齿咬合接触的三维测量分析

目的采用三维数字化方法对咬合接触参数进行测量分析。方法应用非接触式激光三维扫描和三维数字化技术,在三维扫描和重建10副全口义齿人工牙面以及正中时咬合状态的基础上,测定咬合接触的数目和部位,并与T-Scan咬合仪的测量结果进行配对t检验。结果⑴咬合接触参数的测量结果显示,咬合接触区域主要集中在磨牙和前磨牙区;⑵应用激光扫描系统测量和T-Scan系统测量的咬合接触部位和数目比较,P>0.05,在统计学上无显著性差异。结论本研究将激光扫描技术引入全口义齿咬合接触研究领域,通过测量全口义齿咬合接触部位和数目,并与T-Scan系统的测量结果进行比较,进一步验证了该方法进行咬合检测的可靠性,为今后咬合接触的研究提供了新的思路。     

全口义齿在(牙合)架上前伸运动的计算机三维模拟

目的：探索建立能将三维模拟全口义齿在（牙合）架上进行前伸运动的算法模块。方法：应用激光三维扫描和重建技术，建立全口义齿人工牙列模型，采用Matlab6．5数学计算分析软件，并结合空间解析几何原理，对全口义齿在（牙合）架上的前伸运动进行数学建模和运动模拟。结果：建立了用于模拟全口义齿在（牙合）架上三维前伸运动的算法模块．并在实际病例进行验证。结论：该方法的设计思想可行，为定量研究义齿动态咬合情况奠定了基础。